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“A Geographic Information System (GIS) is an integrated system of computer hardware, software, and trained personnel linking topographic, demographic, utility, facility, image and other resource data that is geographically referenced. Simplistically put the system is based on premises that "pictures are worth thousands of words" and most data can be related to a map or other easily understood graphic.” (NASA’s Langley Research Center) See also the Geographic Information Systems FAQ! and What is GIS? from the GIS Lounge
Geographic information systems (GIS) are a subset of data visualization tools with the key distinction being that the graphics displayed are maps. The products listed are designed for analysis of business data typically stored in a DSS or data warehouse. Not listed are GIS tools designed for more traditional uses of maps usually involving some sort of analysis of terrain.
Geographic information systems (GIS) technology can be used for scientific investigations, resource management, and development planning. For example, a GIS might allow emergency planners to easily calculate emergency response times in the event of a natural disaster, or a GIS might be used to find wetlands that need protection from pollution.
Geographic Information System (GIS) is an integrated system of computer hardware, software, and trained personnel linking topographic, demographic, utility, facility, image and other resource data that is geographically referenced. Simplistically put the system is based on premises that "pictures are worth thousands of words" and most data can be related to a map or other easily understood graphic.
GIS and GIP (Geographic Image Processing) Software Listing (University of Delaware)
"This is a general compilation of many of the major Geographic Information Software (GIS) and Geographic Image Processing (GIP) packages currently available. I use the term "GIP" to distinguish between traditional image processing software such as Adobe Photoshop and those packages which are intended to support Satellite and Airborne derived data. A GIP package must allow geographic rectification, image registration and support map projections, spheroids, etc."
The production of digital cartographic data and graphic maps comprises the largest component of the USGS National Mapping Program (NMP). Cartographic data are compiled from aerial photographs, other remotely sensed images, historical records, legal documents, and direct field observations and surveys and comply with standards of content, geometric accuracy, and presentation. Modern, automated equipment is used in this process, replacing the labor-intensive processes of the past. The NMP incorporates the documented needs of 40 Federal agencies and the 50 States, which are solicited and analyzed as part of a continuous requirements assessment process.
"This page is an introduction to the World Wide Web for Earth Scientists. It is not intended to be a resource listing, but to illustrate the potential of the Web as an information retrieval system. A second part of this document is The Soft Earth, which is more of a resource listing of software available on the Net."
The Xerox PARC Map Viewer is a World-Wide Web HTTP server that accepts requests for a World or USA map and returns an HTML document including an image of the requested map. Each map image is created on demand from a geographic database. Selecting on the map image requests a new map zoomed in on the selected point. Links embedded in the HTML document control other map rendering options.
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